Relation Between the Structure of Power and Poverty Essay

Through several texts to include Bell Hooks’ articles Narratives of Struggle and Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor, Natasha Tretheway’s memoir High Rollers, and the film Trouble the Water directed by Tia Lessin and Carl Deal illustrate how the poor are often dehumanized by a higher dominating structure of power that belittles the poor because of preconceived notions from several forms of media and experiences. Many of the underclass were overlooked for service and stability because of the idea of civilians having preset ranks of class and agency or even the treatment, depiction, and resistance of poverty that was branded as impoverishment and acts of dehumanizing the ones most in need. Each of the sources express their†¦show more content†¦Hooks argues that people can struggle to survive, struggle to govern their own lives, or even struggle against dominating structures of power. She conforms that the government has classified the poor into a cat egory that defines them as being uneducated and automatically adapting to the idea of what poverty is that society has put out. The government ignores the poor because of their own misconceptions of reality and their own lifestyle. Hooks explains that these underclass members are set to have a colonized mind which means that they are going to follow in the steps of the government or a higher power due to a lack of intelligences. Hooks stated, â€Å"All too often the colonized mind thinks of the imagination as the realm of the psyche that, if fully explored, will lead one into madness, away from reality.† (Hooks 55) In relation to her other text, Hooks’ article Seeing and Making Culture: Representing the Poor discusses how impoverished people are dehumanized by media which leads them into thinking the way that they do through a colonized mind. Due to the lack of resources and educational needs, less fortunate people only believe and function on what they see or know through the media. With regards to being dehumanized by society and the government, Hooks introduces the idea that contemporary popular culture rarely represents the poor in ways that display integrity and dignity. One canShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination On The Workplace And Can Result On Psychological Trauma1615 Words   |  7 Pages For centuries, society has been shaped following a structure that might have slightly changed over time, however not in a radical way. As stated by Giddens, structure could be defined by a set of rules, laws and resources that societies follow, by producing and reproducing social practices. Women’s voice in the structure has variated from being nearly insignificant to consequent, indeed they represent half of the workforce worldwide in 2011.** However, gender inequalities persists with a genderRead MoreMarx and Class Conflict948 Words   |  4 PagesIt is important to recognize that Marx viewed the structure of society in relation to its major classes, and the struggle between them as the engine of change in this structure. His was no equilibrium or consensus theory. Conflict was not deviational within society s structure, nor were classes functional elements maintaining the system. The structure itself was a derivative of and ingredient in the struggle of classes. His was a conflict view of modem (nineteenth century) society. The key toRead MoreCase Study : South Africa Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesthe elections of 1948. 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The major contention here is that the developing countries of the Global South are

Inital Interview Free Essays

Which of these roles, within these statuses, do you find to be the easiest to play? Hahn? Find being a mother to be the easiest because it’s natural. Its instinct to nurture and care for your children. Which roles in your life would you like to perform less often? I would like to perform the employee and student roll less often, this way I have more time to spend with my children, husband, family, and friends. We will write a custom essay sample on Inital Interview or any similar topic only for you Order Now Which roles would you like to play more often? Would like to perform the mother, wife, sister, and friend roll more often. I usually don’t have much time to do this because I am either at work, or at school. Conflicting Statuses and roles Can you give any examples of how the social statuses you play throughout a typical day may come into conflict with each other? (For example, if the person you are interviewing is a parent, how do they balance the roles of being a parent with the roles of being an economic provider to their children? ) I think it’s difficult to be employed full time, keep up with homework, and try to balance my home, it’s really difficult. Sometimes, something has to come last. How to cite Inital Interview, Papers

Anticommunism in the 1950s free essay sample

In 1950, fewer than 50,000 Americans out of a total US population of 150 million were members of the Communist Party. Yet in the late 1940s and early 1950s, American fears of internal communist subversion reached a nearly hysterical pitch. Government loyalty boards investigated millions of federal employees, asking what books and magazines they read, what unions and civic organizations they belonged to, and whether they went to church. Hundreds of screenwriters, actors, and directors were blacklisted because of their alleged political beliefs, while teachers, steelworkers, sailors, lawyers, and social workers lost their jobs for similar reasons. More than thirty-nine states required teachers and other public employees to take loyalty oaths. Meanwhile, some libraries pulled books that were considered too leftist from their shelves. The banned volumes included such classics as Robin Hood, Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience, and John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath. The post-war Red Scare is often called â€Å"McCarthyism,† a name derived from one of the era’s most notorious anti-Communists, Senator Joseph McCarthy. Yet the anti-Communist crusade of the late 1940s and 1950s extended both in time and scope well beyond the activities of the junior senator from Wisconsin. Its roots can be traced to the mid-nineteenth century. As far back as 1848, when Karl Marx published the Communist Manifesto, many Americans viewed communism as an alien ideology. The Bolshevik Revolution only added to such anxieties, fuelling an earlier Red Scare in 1919. Post-war anti-Communism was rooted even more directly in the political culture of the 1930s. During the Depression, many Americans became disillusioned with capitalism and some found communist ideology appealing. Others were attracted by the visible activism of American Communists on behalf of a wide range of social and economic causes, including the rights of African Americans, workers, and the unemployed. Still others, alarmed by the rise of the Nationalists in Spain and the Nazis in Germany, admired the Soviet Union’s early and staunch opposition to fascism. In 1935, Joseph Stalin announced that he would allow Communists around the globe to ally with liberals and non-communist leftists in a broad anti-fascist coalition. All of these developments swelled the membership of the US Communist Party from some 7,500 at the start of the decade to an estimated 55,000 by its end. More importantly, many Americans who did not join the party sympathized with what they saw as its goals. They joined dozens of other groups with tangential connections to the Communists: unions, theatrical troupes, lawyer’s guilds, ethnic organizations, and political committees devoted to causes ranging from anti-fascism to civil rights. Many victims of the postwar Red Scare were hounded for activities they had engaged in a decade or more before. If the Depression decade boosted the profile of international communism in the United States, it also sparked an anti-Communist backlash. Some of those who warned of a growing â€Å"red menace† during the 1930s feared Soviet influence in the US, but most hoped to use anti-communist language to discredit labor and social activism and New Deal policies. Ironically, anti-Communists were sometimes aided by liberals and leftists whose primary fear was fascist subversion. In any case, nearly all of the tactics deployed by anti-Communists in the decade after World War II had a trial run in the late 1930s. This period saw the renewal of FBI spying, the adoption of loyalty oaths for teachers and a political litmus test for federal employees, and passage of the first peacetime sedition law since 1798. In 1938, anti-Communists and anti-fascists in Congress joined forces to create the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), which would become one of the key institutional centres of post-war anti-Communism. Hitler’s surprise invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 turned Washington and Moscow into wartime allies, and for a time domestic anti-Communism waned. But as the war ended and the alliance frayed, a series of events fanned the banked embers of anti-Communism into flames. In the spring of 1945, acting on orders from Moscow, US Communists reversed their policy of reconciliation with the West and adopted a militantly anti-capitalist stance. Meanwhile, authorities in the United States and Canada uncovered evidence of Soviet espionage, evidence that suggested Americans had been involved in passing classified secrets. Finally, Republicans and some conservative Democrats saw in anti-Communism a powerful campaign issue and a weapon that could be used to curb union and civil rights activism and New Deal policies. During the 1946 mid-term elections, for instance, Senator Robert Taft accused President Truman of seeking a Congress â€Å"dominated by a policy of appeasing the Russians abroad and of fostering communism at home. † To fend off such attacks from the right—and to build domestic support for his Cold War foreign policy—President Truman in March 1947 issued an executive order creating a Federal Loyalty-Security Program. A greatly enlarged version of a program originally instituted in 1939, the program gave loyalty review boards the power to fire federal employees when â€Å"reasonable grounds† existed for belief that they were disloyal. Evidence of disloyalty included not only treasonous activities, but â€Å"sympathetic association† with a long list of organizations deemed by the Attorney General to be â€Å"Communist, fascist, or totalitarian. † These organizations ranged from the Abraham Lincoln Brigade to the National Negro Congress. In practice, people could lose their jobs for being on the wrong mailing list, owning suspect books or phonograph records, or associating with relatives or friends who were politically suspect. Those accused almost never learned the source of the allegations against them, and the criteria for dismissal were expanded in 1951 and again in 1953. Tens of thousands of federal employees—including disproportionate numbers of civil rights activists and gays—were fully investigated under the loyalty-security program, and some 2700 were dismissed between 1947 and 1956. Thousands more resigned â€Å"voluntarily† before the program’s demise in the early 1960s. By legitimizing the use of political litmus tests for employment, the federal loyalty-security program paved the way for the use of similar political tests by state and local governments and private employers. Between the late 1940s and the early 1960s, school systems, universities, movie studios, social welfare agencies, ports, companies with defence contracts, and many other employers used background checks, loyalty oaths, and other means to weed out employees deemed politically undesirable. If 1947 marked the start of the Federal Loyalty-Security program, it also saw the resuscitation of HUAC. In October of that year, the committee was catapulted back into the headlines after years in obscurity when it launched an investigation of communist influences in the film industry. HUAC summoned a dazzling array of actors, screenwriters, and directors to testify at public hearings, asking them about their own involvement with the party and pressing them to name others with Communist ties. Ten witnesses—including the famous director Edward Dmytryk and Oscar-winning screenwriters Dalton Trumbo and Ring Lardner, Jr. —refused to cooperate on the grounds that answering the committee’s questions would legitimize inquiry into political beliefs and associations. The â€Å"Hollywood Ten† were convicted for contempt of Congress and served short prison terms. HUAC’s investigation led to the development of extensive entertainment industry â€Å"blacklists,† which made it difficult or impossible for those suspected of leftist sympathies to find work. These blacklists persisted into the early 1960s. Meanwhile, HUAC went on the road, holding hearings in cities across the US over the course of the next decade and investigating teachers, musicians, union organizers, and other groups. HUAC also inspired others. By the 1950s, two Senate subcommittees and dozens of committees at the state and local levels were also investigating â€Å"un-American activities. † The Red Scare was well underway by the end of 1947, but a series of events in late 1949 and 1950 fed the anti-communist frenzy. In September 1949 Americans learned that the Soviet Union had successfully tested an atomic bomb, years earlier than most experts had thought possible. In December, Mao’s Communist army captured mainland China, prompting headlines about the â€Å"loss† of China. In June 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea, and the resulting Korean War soon devolved into a prolonged stalemate. Many Americans thought that only a fifth column working to undermine the US from within could explain this series of setbacks. Such fears were reinforced by several high-profile spy cases. In 1949, Alger Hiss, a former State Department official, was accused of passing secrets to the Soviet Union during the 1930s; the statute of limitations for treason had run out, but a jury convicted Hiss of perjury. The following year, Britain revealed that a high-ranking physicist named Klaus Fuchs had spied for the Soviets while working on the Manhattan Project. Finally, in 1951 a federal judge found Julius and Ethel Rosenberg guilty of passing atomic secrets to Soviet agents, and both were eventually sent to the electric chair. Hiss and the Rosenbergs maintained their innocence and their cases became cause celebres for many liberals. Evidence obtained since the collapse of the Soviet Union has strengthened the case against Hiss and Julius Rosenberg, while suggesting that Ethel’s participation was minimal. Still, scholars continue to debate the guilt of all three. One of those who took advantage of the rising hysteria was a young senator from Wisconsin named Joseph McCarthy. Seizing an opportunity to improve his political fortune, McCarthy gave a speech to the Women’s Republican Club of Wheeling, West Virginia, in February 1950 in which he claimed to hold in his hand a list of 205 Communists in the State Department. (In later versions of the speech, he changed the number to 81 and then 57. The very concreteness of this charge—and the many others McCarthy hurled over the next few years—set the Wisconsin senator apart from other red baiters and he quickly captured headlines. McCarthy cared little about the accuracy of his accusations, and he made heavy use of intimidation and innuendo. Nevertheless, his complete disregard for the truth only made him more powerful and frightening. Few dared to challenge McCarthy directly, and many Republicans who despised him found him useful. (President Eisenhower told aides that he would not â€Å"get into the gutter with that guy. After Republicans won control of Congress in 1952, McCarthy took over a Senate subcommittee and he used this perch to investigate federal agencies like Voice of America and the Army Signal Corps. McCarthy, like members of HUAC and many other red baiters, greatly exaggerated the domestic communist threat. Still, the party’s policy of secrecy, its top-down control, its attempt to win converts, and its ties to the Soviet Union alarmed even many liberals. â€Å"Cold War liberals† like Minnesota Senator Hubert Humphrey, union leader Walter Reuther, and historian and presidential advisor Arthur Schlesinger Jr.  deplored the excesses of anti-Communism, but agreed with many of its basic tenets. Such liberals generally supported New Deal policies and an array of social reforms, but also believed that the best way to protect the nation from both Communists and anti-Communist zealots was to purge schools, unions, reform groups, and professional organizations of those with ties to the party. Thus, while their language was more restrained than that of McCarthy and others they decried, Cold War liberals frequently supported some anti-Communist sanctions. Anti-Communism continued into the 1960s, but after 1954 it lost much of its fevered pitch. The turning point came when Senator McCarthy began to investigate Communists in the Army, and powerful Republicans (including the President) decided he had finally gone too far. A special Senate subcommittee was formed to investigate McCarthy’s tactics and ABC broadcast the hearings live, the first time political hearings had been televised nationally. The Army-McCarthy hearings dominated national television for three months and exposed McCarthy’s bullying tactics. Much of the credit for this goes to Joseph Welch, the feisty and folksy Boston lawyer hired by the Army. When McCarthy red-baited one of Welch’s young associates, Welch responded: â€Å"Until this moment, Senator, I think I had never really gauged your cruelty or your recklessness. . . . Have you no sense of decency sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency? † The question resonated with Americans. A few months later the Senate voted overwhelmingly to censure McCarthy and his influence evaporated. The worst of the Red Scare was over. Wendy Wall is an associate professor of history at Binghamton University and the author of Inventing the â€Å"American Way†: The Politics of Consensus from the New Deal to the Civil Rights Movement (2007).

Lego free essay sample

How did the information systems and the organization design changes implemented by knudstorp align with the changes in business strategy? Advances in the field of information technology and introduction of new hi-tech form of entertainment such as tablets and gaming consoles had left Lego trailing in the entertainment field. Jorgen Vig Knudstorp was appointed as the CEO to revamp the company’s business process, organization structure and information systems. Knudstorp was quick to act and first made changes in the company’s production process.He encouraged designers to use the unused components in development of new products and design, thus reducing the number of unused components and reduced losses as the cost of production of each unit was very expensive. Lego created a new strategy to broaden the product range and target a new customer segment. Earlier Lego used to develop products which primarily targeted boys; with this new strategy they started developing product s keeping a larger segment into perspective. We will write a custom essay sample on Lego or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They started developing products based on movie themes.Most drastic changes came in the organization structure at Lego, switching the employee pay structure, providing incentive for innovative product designs. Lego also started developing video games thus targeting a new segment of customers. All these changes in the business aspects of the company led to an increased revenue, increased demand and growth in the number of employees. Development of new product based on the internet, addition of new employee and inability to meet the consumer demands led to need for a new advanced and upgraded system which would fulfill all the above mentioned.Lego developed a new modularized and standardized architecture for their information system, which they could easily expand and add functionality and capacity. The latest IT infrastructure in the organization enabled the employees to become more creative in terms of the product development and also business process development. The new system helped manage data, provided application for operation support and human capital management. Q. 2: Which of the generic strategies does Lego appear to be using based on this case? Provide support for your choice. Based on the case study Lego appears to be using the Focus strategy.Michael Porter proposed three generic strategies Cost Leadership, Differentiation and Focus. Focus is a strategy where organization focuses on specific niche markets; this may include a particular geographic region or particular segment of customers. Organizations which use this strategy develop their products after having a study of dynamics of the segment and unique needs of customer. Lego before the appointment of the new CEO appear to use the focus strategy as their top priority was always to focus on innovation and creativity with taking profits into consideration.Add to that the case study also mention that Lego used to create products that primarily targeted boys. After the appointment of new CEO Jorgen Vig Knudstorp the company appears to have changed its policy form Focus to Cost-Leadership. Cost-Leadership is a strategy where organizations focus on gaining competitive advantage by offering products and services at the lowest possible price. They achieve this by increasing profits by reducing production cost and other way is to increase market share by reducing the prices of products compared to the competitors.Knudstorp after taking charge of Lego changed their focus on reducing the production cost. He proposed a strategy to reuse most of the components produced by them as the production for each component was too high. Under Knudstorp Lego started creating products on themes of popular movies, they engaged in online communities through websites and blog which allowed them to create a bond with their proposed market. Knudstorp also changed their organizational structure; Key performance indicators encouraged innovation and thus resulted in cost reduction. Q. : Are the changes implemented by knudstorp an indication of hypercompetition? Defend your position. The generic strategy focus on maintaining a competitive advantage Hypercompetition model suggests that the speed and aggressiveness of the moves and countermoves made in any given market create an environment in which new advantages that cannot be sustained for a long time. Organizations must constantly compete in price or quality, or innovate in, supply chain management, new value creation, or have enough financial capital to outlast other competitors.The hypercompetition model is based on the assumptions that every advantage is eroded, sustaini ng an advantage can be a deadly distraction, goal of advantage should be disruption and not sustainability and initiatives are achieved by a series of small steps. The changes made by Knudstorp are an indication of hypercompetion. Organizations try to attain relative competitive advantage in such a competitive market in four ways. Knudstorp’s strategy to revamp the business process, organization structure and production process 1.Cost/ Quality: After taking over Lego, Knudstorp most important task was to get the company out of losses and back in the green. Lego at that time was losing $1Million a day. He revamped the production process to make sure that designers reused their components in new products thereby decreasing the number of unused components from 13000 to 7000 Lego components. This resulted in a decreased production cost which indirectly had its effect on the company revenue. 2. Know-how/Timing: Lego’s supply chain system was out of order before Knudstorp came into the company.The company struggled with missed deadlines and poor delivery. There were instances where the most popular toy would run out of stock and company would not be in a position to meet the demands of the retailers on time or did not have the correct supply infrastructure to deliver the products. Knudstorp changed all this. He fixed the missing links in the supply chain system. He moved the manufacturing and distribution function to locations from which delivery and reach to the market would be easier. 3. Stronghold Creation/Innovation: Knudstorp new strategy was to broaden the product range.He encouraged the designers to develop new products and provide incentives for appropriate product innovation. Under his new strategy Lego created products based on movie themes, developed products for a larger segment of population making toys for adults and girls. Lego expanded into virtual world and started creating video games and virtual interaction games. This helped them by reducing production cost and increasing customer interaction. Q. 4: What advice would you give to Knudstorp to keep Lego competitive, growing and relevant?

Th Accomplishemnt of the Democratic Leader Woodrow Wilson Essays

Th Accomplishemnt of the Democratic Leader Woodrow Wilson Essays Th Accomplishemnt of the Democratic Leader Woodrow Wilson Paper Th Accomplishemnt of the Democratic Leader Woodrow Wilson Paper During Woodrow Wilsons two terms in office he proved to be a great democratic  leader in many areas. He managed to accomplish a lot, despite his poor health that  he had to deal with since his childhood. Wilson always had a strong interest in  government and was always looking for changes and improvements. As president  he was never afraid to be a little on the radical side when it came to making  changes. He was constantly pushing for world peace and the avoidance of World  War I. Even though he was unsuccessful in avoiding the war he showed to be a  great leader during it. He never gave up on anything he was trying to do. His last  years of his life were dedicated to convincing the U.S. to join his League of  Nations.  Woodrow Wilson was born December 28, 1856. Although he spent most  of his childhood recovering from illness he managed to build an interest in  education. His father and him would read out loud to each other and discuss the  books. If they were not reading they would often sit and talk about recent events. He later moved onto college and studied American and British political history,  public speaking, and law. After college he set up a law practice with Edward  Renick. Because he had not learned the field of law thoroughly while in school, he  showed little ability as a lawyer. During this time he was constantly in and out of  sickness. Wilson did not really want to be a lawyer, his main area of interest was  in politics. His first taste of politics was during his term as Governor of New Jersey.  He took this seat in office with his sites on the presidential election two years later.  He let this be known in a letter he wrote to a friend in June of 1910. In the letter  he said It is immediately, as you know, the question of my nomination for the  governorship of New Jersey; but that it is the mere preliminary of a plan to  nominate me in 1912 for presidency†. During his years as governor he showed  that he could change his political attitudes. He learned to be a little more patient  with other people. Before he found it very difficult to work with people who  opposed him. This was shown more during his time of presidency at Princeton  University. Wilsons more conservative student body and faculty showed a dislike  towards his radical ideas. They did not like the ideas of changing the teaching  style and living style. Because of this many of his ideas were turned down.  When he first became president he pushed for equality of opportunity for  all men, no matter if they were rich or poor. He presented many new proposals to  congress and often he presented these new proposals in person. Wilson also  created new agencies such as the Federal Reserve Board. He was also responsible  for the ratification of the 18th Amendment. In 1920 during his second term, he  passed the 19th Amendment which allowed women to vote. During this time he  was also pressured by the southerners to allow segregation in Washington D.C.  He said that this would be in the best interests of the blacks. Woodrow Wilson did  how ever show weaknesses during his presidency. During World War I he often  took his time in making decisions. He wanted to make sure that there wasnt any  other way to avoid the war. This was good that he was looking out for the best  interest of the country, but it could also have made the war worse. Wilson also  was thought to be a weak president by former president Roosevelt. During  Roosevelts time in office he helped Panama succeed from Colombia in return forrights to build the Panama Canal through their country. He thought it was very  unnecessary to apologize to Colombia for helping Panama secede. Roosevelt  believed that it showed Wilsons weaker side.

Major General Benjamin Butler in the Civil War

Major General Benjamin Butler in the Civil War Born at Deerfield, NH on November 5, 1818, Benjamin F. Butler was the sixth and youngest child of John and Charlotte Butler. A veteran of the War of 1812 and the Battle of New Orleans, Butlers father died shortly after his sons birth. After briefly attending the Phillips Exeter Academy in 1827, Butler followed his mother to Lowell, MA the following year where she opened a boarding house. Educated locally, he had issues at school with fighting and getting into trouble. Later sent to Waterville (Colby) College, he attempted to gain admission to West Point in 1836 but failed to secure an appointment. Remaining at Waterville, Butler completed his education in 1838 and became a supporter of the Democratic Party. Returning to Lowell, Butler pursued a career in law and received admittance to the bar in 1840. Building his practice, he also became actively involved with the local militia. Proving a skilled litigator, Butlers business expanded to Boston and he gained notice for advocating the adoption of a ten-hour day at Lowells Middlesex Mills. A supporter of the Compromise of 1850, he spoke out against the states abolitionists. Elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1852, Butler remained in office for much of the decade as well as attained the rank of brigadier general in the militia. In 1859, he ran for governor on a pro-slavery, pro-tariff platform and lost a close race to Republican Nathaniel P. Banks. Attending the 1860 Democratic National Convention in Charleston, SC, Butler hoped that a moderate Democrat could be found that would prevent the party from splitting along sectional lines. As the convention moved forward, he ultimately elected to back John C. Breckenridge. The Civil War Begins Although he had shown sympathy to the South, Butler stated that he could not countenance the regions actions when states began to secede. As a result, he quickly began seeking a commission in the Union Army. As Massachusetts moved to respond to President Abraham Lincolns call of volunteers, Butler used his political and banking connections to ensure that he would command the regiments that were sent to Washington, DC. Traveling with the 8th Massachusetts Volunteer Militia, he learned on April 19 that Union troops moving through Baltimore had become embroiled in the Pratt Street Riots. Seeking to avoid the city, his men instead moved by rail and ferry to Annapolis, MD where they occupied the US Naval Academy. Reinforced by troops from New York, Butler advanced to Annapolis Junction on April 27 and reopened the rail line between Annapolis and Washington. Asserting control over the area, Butler threatened the states legislature with arrest if they voted to secede as well as took possession of the Great Seal of Maryland. Lauded by General Winfield Scott for his actions, he was ordered to protect transport links in Maryland against interference and occupy Baltimore. Assuming control of the city on May 13, Butler received a commission as a major general of volunteers three days later. Though criticized for his heavy-handed administration of civil affairs, he was directed to move south to command forces at Fort Monroe later in the month. Situated at the end of the peninsula between the York and James Rivers, the fort served as a key Union base deep in Confederate territory. Moving out from the fort, Butlers men quickly occupied Newport News and Hampton. Big Bethel On June 10, more than a month before the First Battle of Bull Run, Butler launched an offensive operation against Colonel John B. Magruders forces at Big Bethel. In the resulting Battle of Big Bethel, his troops were defeated and forced to withdraw back towards Fort Monroe. Though a minor engagement, the defeat received a great deal of attention in the press as the war had just begun. Continuing to command from Fort Monroe, Butler refused to return fugitive slaves to their owners claiming that they were contraband of war. This policy quickly received support from Lincoln and other Union commanders were directed to act similarly. In August, Butler embarked part of his force and sailed south with squadron led by Flag Officer Silas Stringham to attack Forts Hatteras and Clark in the Outer Banks. On August 28-29, the two Union officers succeeded in capturing the fort during the Battle of Hatteras Inlets Batteries. New Orleans Following this success, Butler received command of the forces that occupied Ship Island off the Mississippi coast in December 1861. From this position, he moved to occupy New Orleans after the citys capture by Flag Officer David G. Farragut in April 1862. Reasserting Union control over New Orleans, Butlers administration of the area received mixed reviews. While his directives helped check the annual yellow fever outbreaks others, such as General Order No. 28, led to outrage across the South. Tired of the citys women abusing and insulting his men, this order, issued on May 15, stated that any woman caught doing so would be treated as a woman of the town plying her avocation (a prostitute). In addition, Butler censored New Orleans newspapers and was believed to have used his position to loot homes in the area as well as improperly profit from the trade in confiscated cotton. These actions earned him the nickname Beast Butler. After foreign consuls complained to Lincoln that he was int erfering with their operations, Butler was recalled in December 1862 and replaced with his old foe, Nathaniel Banks. Army of the James Despite Butlers weak record as a field commander and controversial tenure in New Orleans, his switch to the Republican Party and support from its Radical wing compelled Lincoln to give him a new assignment. Returning to Fort Monroe, he assumed command of the Department of Virginia and North Carolina in November 1863. The following April, Butlers forces assumed the title of Army of the James and he received orders from Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant to attack west and disrupt the Confederate railroads between Petersburg and Richmond. These operations were intended to support Grants Overland Campaign against General Robert E. Lee to the north. Moving slowly, Butlers efforts came to a halt near Bermuda Hundred in May when his troops were held by a smaller force led by General P.G.T. Beauregard. With the arrival of Grant and the Army of the Potomac near Petersburg in June, Butlers men began operating in conjunction with this larger force. Despite Grants presence, his performance did not improve and the Army of the James continued to have difficulty. Positioned north of the James River, Butlers men had some success at Chaffins Farm in September, but subsequent actions later in the month and in October failed to gain significant ground. With the situation at Petersburg stalemated, Butler was directed in December to take part of his command to capture Fort Fisher near Wilmington, NC. Supported by a large Union fleet led by Rear Admiral David D. Porter, Butler landed some of his men before judging that the fort was too strong and the weather too poor to mount an assault. Returning north to an irate Grant, Butler was relieved on January 8, 1865, and command of the Army of the James passed to Major General Edward O.C. Ord. Later Career Life Returning to Lowell, Butler hoped to find a position in the Lincoln Administration but was thwarted when the president was assassinated in April. Formally leaving the military on November 30, he elected to resume his political career and won a seat in Congress the following year. In 1868, Butler played a key role in the impeachment and trial of President Andrew Johnson and three years later wrote the initial draft of the Civil Rights Act of 1871. A sponsor of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, which called for equal access to public accommodations, he was angered to see the law overturned by the Supreme Court in 1883. After unsuccessful bids for Governor of Massachusetts in 1878 and 1879, Butler finally won the office in 1882. While governor, Butler appointed the first woman, Clara Barton, to an executive office in May 1883 when he offered her oversight of the Massachusetts Reformatory Prison for Women. In 1884, he earned the presidential nomination from the Greenback and Anti-Monopoly Parties but fared poorly in the general election. Leaving office in January 1884, Butler continued to practice law until his death on January 11, 1893. Passing in Washington, DC, his body was returned to Lowell and buried at Hildreth Cemetery. Sources Civil War Trust: Major General Benjamin ButlerUnversity of Cincinnati Libraries: Benjamin ButlerEncyclopedia Virginia: Benjamin Butler

REIT Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

REIT Project - Essay Example RECOMMENDATION: HOLD PRICE: 378 Gp AS OF July2, 2009 Volume 4,063,468 Days High 379.25p Days Low 371.50p Avg. Vol 5,343,894 Company description: The British Land Company PLC operates in the fields of property development, finance and investment in London. The Company’s retail warehouse park investments include Teesside Shopping Park, Giltbrook Retail Park, The Kingston Centre, New Mersey Shopping Park, Glasgow Fort, Parkgate Shopping. Significant financial developments have occurred in the past two years that led to decrease of revenues to 16 percent to  £554M and a net loss of  £63l 93B up from  £1.61B as of March 2009 according to report of Reuters. Based on Reuters report, BLC posted negative performance for the year ended as it has negative operating margin of -65.16 B and a negative net profit margin of -700.54bn. Percentage of management effectiveness are nestled on high negative ratios.. It has low cash availability and zero cash flow which shows company relies heavily on debt borrowings. It has a total debt equity ratio of 117.76% that is a risky investment because of high cost of mo ney. The company has no dividend yield and zero growth rates for the past two years There is no available property map that depicts location of properties of BLC. Based on Yahoo Finance, BLC is the biggest real estate management company in London. One of their properties is over 12 hectares property in Broadgate

Igor Stravinsky Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Igor Stravinsky - Essay Example Stravinsky left Russia for the first time in 1910, going to Paris to attend the premiere of his ballet L'oiseau de feu (The Firebird) (Craft 20). During his stay in the city, he composed three major works for the Ballets Russes-L'oiseau de feu, Petrushka (1911), and Le sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) (1913). Eventually Stravinsky's music was noticed by Serge Diaghilev, the director of the Ballets Russes in Paris. He commissioned Stravinsky to write a ballet for his theater; so in 1911, Stravinsky traveled to Paris. That ballet ended up being the famous L'Oiseau de Feu. However, because of World War I and the October Revolution in Russia he moved to Switzerland in 1914. The first of Stravinsky's major stylistic periods (excluding some early minor works) was inaugurated by the three ballets he composed for Diaghilev. The ballets have several shared characteristics: they are scored for extremely large orchestras; they use Russian folk themes and motifs; and they bear the mark of Rimsky-Korsakov's imaginative scoring and instrumentation. The first of the ballets, L'oiseau de feu, is notable for its unusual introduction (triplets in the low basses) and sweeping orchestration. Petrushka, too, is distinctively scored and the first of Stravinsky's ballets to draw on folk mythology. But it is the third ballet, The Rite of Spring that is generally considered the apotheosis of Stravinsky's "Russian Period" (Hill 45-46). Other pieces from this period include: Renard (1916), Histoire du soldat (A Soldier's Tale) (1918), and Les Noces (The Wedding) (1923).The next phase of Stravinsky's compositional style, slightly overlapping the first, is marked by two works: Pulcinella 1920 and the Octet (1923) for wind instruments. Both of these works feature what was to become a hallmark of this period; that is, Stravinsky's return, or "looking back", to the classical music of Mozart and Bach and their contemporaries. This "neo-classical" style involved the abandonment of the large orchestras demanded by the ballets. In these new works, written roughly between 1920 and 1950, Stravinsky turns largely to wind instruments, the piano, and choral and chamber works. Some larger works from this period are the three symphonies: the Symphonie des Psaumes (Symphony of Psalms) (1930), Symphony in C (1940) and Symphony in Three Movements (1945). The pinnacle of this period is the opera The Rake's Progress completed in 1951. This opera, written to a libretto by Auden and based on the etchings of Hogarth, encapsulates everything that Stravinsky had perfected in the previous 20 years of his neo-classic period. The music is direct but quirky; it borrows from classic tonal harmony but also interjects surprising dissonances; it features Stravinsky's trademark off-rhythms; and it harkens back to the operas and themes of Monteverdi, Gluck and Mozart. The Serialist, or Twelve Tone Period Stravinsky first began to dabble in the twelve tone technique in smaller vocal works such as the Cantata (1952), Three Songs from Shakespeare (1953) and In Memoriam Dylan Thomas (1954), as if he were testing the system. He later began

Global Impact & Community Essay Example for Free

Global Impact Community Essay Aside from being the most crowded city in the United States, the City of New York is considered the most heavily populated major city in North America. It is the country’s most culturally diverse region, as it holds people that speak 138 different languages drawn from more than 90 countries. The most recognized cultural minorities in the region are Native Americans/Alaska Natives, Asian American/Pacific Islanders, Hispanics, and African-American. Settlement History From 1892 to 1954, more than 12 million immigrants entered and dispersed all over the United States. Hispanic persons from South or Central American country, Mexico, Cuba, or Puerto Rico, comprised the large number of those immigrants. Throughout the 1990s, Hispanic origin comprised of almost 25 percent of the city’s population, and Hispanic school children of the city consisted of almost 35 percent (DeCamp). Hispanics are the largest minority in the city today, and the population continually grows through immigration and increase through birth. During the early 20th century, the lower eastside of Manhattan was mostly male communities that consisted of Asian immigrant workers who had originally moved out to California. â€Å"Since 1965, the Asian population has been growing steadily, and by 1990, Asians as a whole represented the second largest group of language minorities in New York City† (DeCamp). Conversely, some African-Americans are descendants from natives that were brought to the United States over two centuries ago, while others emigrated from Africa, South America and Caribbean in recent times. It was in 1994 that black residents began to arrive en masse supplied by the Great Migration. Most Famous Ethnic Place-Name, Communities and Districts Harlem is a region in the New York City that is long acknowledged as a major African-American business, cultural, and residential center. Until 1873, Harlem was a village independent of New York City. It has been characterized by boom-and- bust cycles, with considerable ethnic changes going with each cycle. Harlem extends from the East River west to the Hudson River flanked by 159th Street; where it convenes Washington Heights, to a border down the south. Chinatown is New Yorks major and most vibrant ethnic neighborhood which up to now is still rapidly growing. Streets have teemed with hundreds of Chinese restaurants, gift shops and grocery stores. New Yorks Chinatown is the leading Chinatown in the United States and is the cultural, historical, economical, and political center of the Chinese community in the region. It is western hemisphere’s largest site of Chinese concentration. Distinctive Local Food New York City is a blend of nationalities and cultures, and the cuisines served by its thousands of restaurants are a sign of that diversity. Some of the famous restaurants in New York City that offer distinctive local food to ethnic minorities are 2nd Avenue Delicatessen, Inc. , Abyssinia Ethiopian Restaurant, Aesthetic Alternatives, Bistro Monk, Charley Os, Ding Ho Laundry, Dragon Gems Inc. , and El Rey Delos Caridad Restaurant. In addition, there are hundreds of restaurants located in Chinatown where traditional and authentic Chinese cuisines are served. The styles of Chinese food most recognizable in the region are Hunan, Shanghai, Szechwan, and Cantonese. Contemporary Cultural Influences 1. Currently, dozens of television and radio newscasters are providing their services to several ethnic communities in New York City. Radio and television stations, as well as their respective broadcasters, believe that they are not merely the pipelines of entertainment, information, and news, as they perceive themselves as political and cultural lifeline to the general population from faraway places. These broadcasting networks believe that they are mediums that provide opportunity to all ethnic backgrounds to talk about their distinctive heritage and culture. 2. Because of New York City’s growing ethnic populations over the past decades, members of minority groups have been provided with additional apartments from the City’s private housing projects. More than 86 apartment expansions were built in the city with the goal set to 20 percent minority occupancy (Blair). However, the goal set is not intended as the ceiling to exclude or limit minorities. 3. With New York City’s varied and rich culture, it has long sustained visible and successful minority businesses. Minority entrepreneurs famed themselves to a handful of expected industries such as: Latino-owned bodegas; Korean greengroceries; or Chinese garment factories and restaurants. Years ago, the economic census of minority firms of the federal government counted to just 4,500 Asian, Latino, and Black businesses in New York City, providing work for roughly 18,000 people, or approximately 9 percent of 1997’s total. â€Å"Added to that were another 36,000 self-employed minorities† (Malanga). Since that time, a transformation has occurred in the small-business community of New York City. Gathering together their extensive knowledge as executives in the corporate world, the city’s Asian, Latino, and Black entrepreneurs not only maintained their numerous well-known traditional minority industries but also ascended away from them by opening publishing ventures, design and graphic shops, consulting firms, and ad agencies. Conclusion New York City’s status as one of the most vibrant cultural regions of the United States is shaped by centuries of immigration; nevertheless, the number of foreign born New Yorkers is still expected to increase over the next decade. Asian, Latino, and Black will be numerically elevated to ever growing proportions of the city’s population, and it is not unlikely that in the near future, more than half the city’s inhabitants will have been born outside the United States. Accordingly, attributable to the diverse cultures’ influence, ethnic communities, business, etc. are also expected to flourish. Works Cited Blair, William. 3 May 1984. â€Å"Accord in Minority Suit Provides for More Subsidized Apartments. † The New York Times. 30 April 2009 http://www. nytimes. com/1984/05/03/nyregion/accord-in-minority-suit-provides-for-more-subsidized-apartments. html? n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FM%2FMinorities%20(US). DeCamp, Suzanne. The Linguistic Minorities of New York City. New York: Office of Information, Community Service Society of New York, 1991. Malanga, Steven. 2002. â€Å"Minority Business Triumphs in Gotham. † City Journal. 30 April 2009 http://www. city-journal. org/html/12_2_minority_business. html.

Essay --

Four methods to elevate your Facebook Ads with the 'Power Editor' Getting begun with Facebook Ads should be easy. Add a post to your Page's News Feed, select the "Boost Post" button and toss some money at your campaign. Or, if you want to advertise on the social network’s sidebar, simply upload your preferred written text and picture. Facebook even has a system tool that can manage positioning bids for you. Unfortunately, these easy installation or setup steps -- which many advertisers never shift beyond – hardly, provide easy facts of what's possible with Facebook Ads. For the best focusing and putting in bid choices, you need to start using the Power Editor plug-in. Here are four functions to check out once you've set up the plug-in in your account: 1. Focusing on Fan. According to analysis Company Webtrends, focusing fans only with Facebook ads can improve click-through by more than 700 %. There are the situations where you'd want to flourish your reach beyond present followers -- if, for example, you're trying to improve your variety of Web page "Likes." But in most situations, delivering posts to current fans that don't already see them due to the News Feed algorithms can generate some of the most powerful overall campaign outcomes. The only way to focus on your ads to existing visitors is through the Power Editor plug-in. Look for the choice under the "Audience" section of the Ad Creation Screen. Related: Facebook Is Making Life Simpler for Social Media Managers 2. Partner Categories. In April, Facebook released the "Partner Categories" feature depending on the data offered by the Datalogix, Epsilon, and Acxion data research organizations. Basically, these 500 categories signify multiple Facebook users that can be off... ...he Power Editor is its ability to make simpler most ad creation process. No matter what type of strategy you're operating, it's a wise decision to create several ad modifications in order to spilt test your results. Establishing up these variants using the self-serve ad tool or system can be extremely time-consuming, but the "Duplicate" button in the Power Editor’s Ad creation area makes strategy setup go much more efficiently. And while you're in there copying your ads and making the necessary changes to each edition for upcoming examining, take in the Saved Viewers you created. Mixed, these two feature tips can help you get your campaigns up and operating in the quickest period of time possible. Related: Facebook Gives Companies Free Access to Shutterstock Pictures for Ads. The author is an Entrepreneur contributor. The views indicated are those of the author. Essay -- Four methods to elevate your Facebook Ads with the 'Power Editor' Getting begun with Facebook Ads should be easy. Add a post to your Page's News Feed, select the "Boost Post" button and toss some money at your campaign. Or, if you want to advertise on the social network’s sidebar, simply upload your preferred written text and picture. Facebook even has a system tool that can manage positioning bids for you. Unfortunately, these easy installation or setup steps -- which many advertisers never shift beyond – hardly, provide easy facts of what's possible with Facebook Ads. For the best focusing and putting in bid choices, you need to start using the Power Editor plug-in. Here are four functions to check out once you've set up the plug-in in your account: 1. Focusing on Fan. According to analysis Company Webtrends, focusing fans only with Facebook ads can improve click-through by more than 700 %. There are the situations where you'd want to flourish your reach beyond present followers -- if, for example, you're trying to improve your variety of Web page "Likes." But in most situations, delivering posts to current fans that don't already see them due to the News Feed algorithms can generate some of the most powerful overall campaign outcomes. The only way to focus on your ads to existing visitors is through the Power Editor plug-in. Look for the choice under the "Audience" section of the Ad Creation Screen. Related: Facebook Is Making Life Simpler for Social Media Managers 2. Partner Categories. In April, Facebook released the "Partner Categories" feature depending on the data offered by the Datalogix, Epsilon, and Acxion data research organizations. Basically, these 500 categories signify multiple Facebook users that can be off... ...he Power Editor is its ability to make simpler most ad creation process. No matter what type of strategy you're operating, it's a wise decision to create several ad modifications in order to spilt test your results. Establishing up these variants using the self-serve ad tool or system can be extremely time-consuming, but the "Duplicate" button in the Power Editor’s Ad creation area makes strategy setup go much more efficiently. And while you're in there copying your ads and making the necessary changes to each edition for upcoming examining, take in the Saved Viewers you created. Mixed, these two feature tips can help you get your campaigns up and operating in the quickest period of time possible. Related: Facebook Gives Companies Free Access to Shutterstock Pictures for Ads. The author is an Entrepreneur contributor. The views indicated are those of the author.

Family and friends everyday lives Essay

Write an essay describing how new media technologies affect you, your family and friends everyday lives. The media world is constantly changing as a result of new developments in technology. Therefore the media industry is dependant upon highly sophisticated technology, which can be used to influence and inform groups of people all around the world. It has been suggested that we live in a world that is ‘media saturated’ as it dominates our lives. This in effect is true as media is a central part of our lives, it can be used to deliver us news as well as a source of entertainment, and this is why media can be so influential. The internet is one of the most fast developing new media technologies, enabling users to contact people all over the world to shop, chat, play games, download music and information, send e-mails and keep up with current affairs. The Internet was developed in America in the 1960s and was introduced in the 1990s in Britain. Originally this technology was introduced as a way of bringing people all over the world closer together, enabling them to communicate with one another simultaneously, giving its name the ‘medium of the future’. It is constantly being developed to suit peoples’ needs, for example broadband internet offers faster connection and makes downloading easy, effortless and not so time consuming as it used to be. Many radio stations have recognised that people may wish to listen whilst ‘surfing’ the Net, so have incorporated a ‘live airplay’ programme on their websites so that it is possible to listen to the radio via a computer rather than the conventional radio device. Many websites also offer a service where downloading music is free, this means that many people can save large amounts of money on buying CDs and can obtain the latest music singles and albums from the comfort of their own home. Home shopping is also increasing due to Internet services allowing consumers to purchase a range of goods via the Internet using their credit/debit cards as a method of payment. The advantage of this is that the busy shopping atmosphere is avoided and time is saved, this is also the case in online banking systems where cardholders can view bank statements, credit details and communicate with their bank via email. The only problem with these systems is that credit card details are given out over the Internet and may be obtained by other companies or Internet users, meaning the risk of credit card fraud is higher. However, a select few internet based companies have introduced a card which can be used like a ‘top-up’ card bought for mobile telephones, in the sense that a card is issued to the internet shopper so that they are able to go a top-up point and pay for a certain amount of money to be put on their card, which can then be used to purchase goods from the internet. Not only is this a safer option, it is also more convenient for younger customers who are not yet eligible for a credit card. Due to improved media technologies, it is now possible to access the Internet through digital television sets and mobile WAP compatible telephones. This means information, entertainment and news can be displayed without the use of a computer. Revision websites make learning a more interactive experience for students, as well as being a useful alternative to other methods of learning such as flashcards. Students can also test themselves and the website can mark their answers, giving them a score to see how effective the revision has been. Other websites such as ‘lastminute. com’ allow holidays, rental cars and other goods to be bought at the ‘last minute’ at a reduced rate. This means considerable savings can be made and purchasing goods or booking holidays is made simple and easy. Another convenience of the Internet is that ‘Chat Rooms’ allow people to talk to various people all over the world and if desired become involved in group discussions. This can mean young people can meet and talk to people of their own age group and interests and exchange thoughts and ideas. Obviously as you cannot see the person you are communicating with, you cannot be sure that they are telling the truth about their age, gender etc which also means this may cause an increase of illegal groups operating in chat rooms, such as paedophiles who abuse the internet. This may affect many families in different ways for example, if a parent feels that their child may not be safe to talk to people on the Internet they may limit the child’s use or filter the system so that they cannot access the chat rooms. If a teenager arranges to meet up with a person that they believe to be of the same age group as themselves, to discover that they are not the person they described themselves to be on the internet, they may face serious problems such as stalking. This can lead to anxiety problems and distrust for some people as well as being a major worry for all parents. Instant messaging services (MSN etc) allow users to be informed when friends or other named people on their contact list are online and lets them automatically begin a conversation without needing to log onto a chat room. Voice conversations can also be made using these facilities. Email enables Internet users to send a succession of ‘letters’ around the world to various people within seconds, as they are delivered instantly. Not only does this save time and money as the service is free, but it means messages can be sent and received instantly rather than waiting days, or even weeks for a letter to be delivered by post. Many people find this an excellent way of keeping in contact with relatives and friends, particularly those who live a long distance away. The only social problem that has been recognised by researchers is that emailing has begun to discourage people from writing letters, therefore making us more computer literate but less inclined to keep up good standards of writing skills.

Analysis of the Fashion Industry Essay

Fashion is one of the world’s most important creative industries. It has provided economic thought with a canonical example in theorizing about consumption and conformity. Social thinkers have long treated fashion as a window upon social class and social change. Cultural theorists have focused on fashion to reflect on symbolic meaning and social ideals. Fashion has also been seen to embody representative characteristics of modernity, and even of culture itself. Everyone wears clothing and inevitably participates in fashion to some degree. However, it would be an understatement to say that fashion influences just clothing; in fact, to be very precise fashion influences almost every aspect of our daily life. More often than not, Fashion trends are a reflection of the political, social and economic changes and developments around us. Fashion is an important part of not only arts but maybe even more of economy. At first glance only the aesthetic aspect of it is visible with the beauty, amazing creations and materials. But if one looks more carefully, the whole highly developed and profit producing industry lies behind this glitter. The fashion industry consists of four levels: the production of raw materials, principally textiles , leather and fur; the production of fashion goods by designers, manufacturers, contractors, and others; retail sales; and various forms of advertising and promotion. These levels consist of many separate but interdependent sectors, all of which are devoted to the goal of satisfying consumer demand for apparel under conditions that enable participants in the industry to operate at a profit. Not only The global fashion apparel industry is one of the most important sectors of the economy in terms of investment, revenue, trade and employment generation all over the world, but also The Business of Fashion is an essential daily resource for fashion creatives, executives and entrepreneurs. Selling is the final activity of business .In order to survive , the ability to sell has a great portion of importance among other business abilities. The fashion industry is rather a very sensitive industry toward changes in the cultural , social and economic factors . It is relatively harder or more complicated to understand why a product of a fashion industry sells while others are not. Companies perform various efforts to enhance their selling capabilities. Conducting a marketing analysis, that is, reviewing the strengths of an organization, its weaknesses, opportunities it can capitalize on for maximum profits, and the threats to achieving its full potential provides very invaluable information to the organization about the market and understanding the industry, as well. The analysis is used to define both the unfavorable and favorable factors and their impacts on goals of the business. The fashion industry, which is very volatile, is not an exception, it too has its own share of strengths and opportunities which once utilized by an organization can help it grow substantially and weaknesses and threats which the organization must strive to minimize to the lowest possible levels. Fashion marketing is based on the identification of market trends which are used to analyze, develop and configure related marketing strategies and promotional activities for fashion products. Fashion marketing is the application of a range of techniques and a business philosophy that centers upon the customer and potential customer of clothing and related products and services in order to meet the long term goals of the organization.The very nature of fashion, where change is intrinsic, gives emphasis to marketing activities . Essentially fashion marketing is composed of elements of fashion designing and marketing management which are combined together to develop a comprehensive marketing plan for fashion products. This marketing strategy and the related plan is composed of different tasks relative to the elements of promotions, advertising, retailing, branding, affiliate marketing, and distribution. In order to be successful fashion marketers have to be future oriented with forecast information about the market. The fashion industry demands that in order to have an effective fashion marketing strategy, companies need to understand and identify their customers, the trends in the fashion industry as well as how the branding and the marketing of their products effects the purchase behavior of the consumers. This knowledge is the main resource available to fashion marketers to develop a marketing strategy for their fashion based products . Marketing in the fashion industry is often difficult as the industry is very volatile with constant changes taking place in its external as well as internal environments. As a result the approaches taken towards fashion marketing have to be adjusted and revamped in order to effectively target the latest and future trends. A myriad of factors define the fashion retail market, namely the interactions among fashion companies and the interaction between fashion companies and the consumer. The retailers seem to have the most power in defining the market as they possess the power to market goods at prices desirable to them. However, the market price is in fact also determined by consumers. According to basic economic theory, the price of a good is determined by the demand by consumers and supply of the good by the producers in the economy. Especially for the fashion retail market, fashion trends are forecasted by analysing results of consumer’s emotions towards the previous trend. Hence, consumers do play a vital role in forming the fashion retail market as well. Consumer culture or consumerism, is â€Å"the theory that a progressively greater consumption of goods is economically beneficial†. Fashion creates a desire for ownership. Coupled with mass media and advertising, market makers sell lifestyles and consumers consume such products and lifestyles in hope for upward mobility in the social hierarchy. This creates a culture of hedonism through the impression that one can purchase a status and in turn, ‘happiness’. As such, this new consumer culture lays the foundations for consumption, and demand and supply, of fashion in a society. However, fashion comes and goes and is never constant. But with the ever changing trends and fashion, we see that people have to constantly buy and consume new goods and services to stay in fashion. The frequent renewal of fashion in our capitalistic society makes it an effective marketing strategy as the constant updating of ‘trends’ and the human desire to fit in keeps the fashion industry alive. The fashion industry is a product of the modern age. Prior to the mid-19th century, most clothing was custom made. It was handmade for individuals, either as home production or on order from dressmakers and tailors. By the beginning of the 20th century—with the rise of new technologies such as the sewing machine, the rise of global capitalism and the development of the factory system of production, and the proliferation of retail outlets such as department stores—clothing had increasingly come to be mass-produced in standard sizes and sold at fixed prices. Although the fashion industry developed first in Europe and America, today it is an international and highly globalized industry, with clothing often designed in one country, manufactured in another, and sold world-wide. For example, an American fashion company might source fabric in China and have the clothes manufactured in Vietnam, finished in Italy, and shipped to a warehouse in the United States for distribution to retail outlets internationally. The fashion industry has long been one of the largest employers in the United States, and it remains so in the 21st century.By any measure, the industry accounts for a significant share of world economic output. There is no doubt in the importance of fashion as an industry branch. The amount of money it produces and the number of people it employs makes it a very significant area in the world of economics. On the other side economic situation and changes within it also leave trace on fashion industry. Being so closely entwined any detailed analysis cannot be done without observing both

AP Revolutionary Essay essays

AP Revolutionary Essay essays There comes a time when a student outperforms his teacher, this is also the case in the colonization of the American Continent. It took a while for the inhabitants to realize that they were better off without the British monarchy, but the colonists did not realize this immediately; it took years of British oppression to cause the colonists to rebel. The primary reason that the colonists rebelled was that they were sick of heavy unfair taxes, and restrictions on trade. There were also several other contributing factors. The main factor that caused the colonists to rebel was the heavy taxation. The colonists were taxed heavily from the beginning, but the taxes that caused the most strife occurred in the 1760s. Due to the fact that George III suffered from bouts of insanity, Prime Minister George Greenville had almost total control of the parliament. He agreed with the prevailing opinion within Britain that the colonists had been too long indulged and that they should be compelled to obey the laws and to pay off parts of the cost of defending and administering in the empire. The Greenville ministry made a number of the efforts to increase England's control of the colonies. Greenville sent British troops to be stationed permanently in the provinces; and under the Mutiny Act of 1765 the colonists were required to assist in serving and maintaining the army. The next law that the Greenville ministry would create was the Sugar Act of 1764, which was designed to eliminate the illegal sugar trade betw een the Continental colonies and the French and Spanish West Indies. It lowered the tax on molasses and raised the tax on sugar. This new act also established a New Court system in America to try accused smugglers; this was an effort to avoid the benefits of a local trial by sympathetic peers. The Currency Act of 1764 required the colonial assemblies to stop issuing paper money, and to retire all the paper money already in ...

Analyze Miss Peregrines

When you step back and take a closer look, you see that American town hides more from the characters, making it fantasy and lies, while the enchanting island is far more forth coming about its problems. Main Characters Jacob Portman- he is the protagonist in this story, he is 16 and is thought to be mentally disturbed after the murder of his grandfather by that he believes to be an imaginary creature. He travels to Whales with his father to find out the truth behind his grandfather’s past. Emma- she is one of the Peculiar children of Ms. Peregrine. She is considered â€Å"strikingly beautiful† and falls in love with Jacob, and as it turns out, she used to love his grandfather. She is frozen at 16, in the loop, while in reality she is over 70 years of age. Plot Jacob Portman goes to Wales to find out the truth of his grandfather’s past after he was murdered by what Jacob thought was a make-believe creature. When he arrives, he meets Emma a girl who can control fire. She takes him to meet Miss Peregrine in a time loop set back in the 1940s. Jacob enjoys hanging out with the other peculiar children, such as Millard, who is invisible, and Bronwyn, who has incredible strength. Then Jacob is told some mysterious stories of strange killings in the pub he’s staying at, and warns the peculiar children. When they tell Jacob he is the only one who can see the â€Å"hollows† or â€Å"hollowgasts†, the monsters that killed Jacob’s grandfather, Jacob knows he is the only hope they have for safety. Jacob and some of the peculiar children encounter a hollow which Jacob kills. Upon return to the Miss Peregrine’s home, they find that Miss Peregrine has been kidnapped. The children rescue Miss Peregrine but she is in bird form and cannot change back to human form. At the end of the book, the peculiar children look for another time loop they can stay in because their current one has been destroyed, setting this book up for a sequel and more striking photographs. Conflicts Jacob vs. Self- he is at a constant battle for the first half of the book to figure out whether or not he is sane after everything that has happened. Self could also be considered society, as a set and acceptable social norm. Jacob vs. Therapist- he is actually the cause of all his problems. He is the one who sends the hollow on his grandfather, kidnaps Ms. Peregrine, and makes all the external conflicts arise. Theme Embracing who you are and accepting what makes you remarkable is more important than being viewed as normal. Through this novel we see the reoccurring theme that being true to you is far more important that being social accepted. Because when you accept yourself, others accept you for that. When Jacob fights himself he finds he is alone, but the more he succumbs to his true self, the peculiar children accept him and they help each other overcome the adversity surrounding them. Personal Views I enjoyed the book thoroughly and I would recommend it. It has a wonderful addition, not only is there amazing writing involved but there are also several pictures included in the pages. Every few chapters there are these old, peculiar photos that add to the story, some very chilling. Analyze Miss Peregrines When you step back and take a closer look, you see that American town hides more from the characters, making it fantasy and lies, while the enchanting island is far more forth coming about its problems. Main Characters Jacob Portman- he is the protagonist in this story, he is 16 and is thought to be mentally disturbed after the murder of his grandfather by that he believes to be an imaginary creature. He travels to Whales with his father to find out the truth behind his grandfather’s past. Emma- she is one of the Peculiar children of Ms. Peregrine. She is considered â€Å"strikingly beautiful† and falls in love with Jacob, and as it turns out, she used to love his grandfather. She is frozen at 16, in the loop, while in reality she is over 70 years of age. Plot Jacob Portman goes to Wales to find out the truth of his grandfather’s past after he was murdered by what Jacob thought was a make-believe creature. When he arrives, he meets Emma a girl who can control fire. She takes him to meet Miss Peregrine in a time loop set back in the 1940s. Jacob enjoys hanging out with the other peculiar children, such as Millard, who is invisible, and Bronwyn, who has incredible strength. Then Jacob is told some mysterious stories of strange killings in the pub he’s staying at, and warns the peculiar children. When they tell Jacob he is the only one who can see the â€Å"hollows† or â€Å"hollowgasts†, the monsters that killed Jacob’s grandfather, Jacob knows he is the only hope they have for safety. Jacob and some of the peculiar children encounter a hollow which Jacob kills. Upon return to the Miss Peregrine’s home, they find that Miss Peregrine has been kidnapped. The children rescue Miss Peregrine but she is in bird form and cannot change back to human form. At the end of the book, the peculiar children look for another time loop they can stay in because their current one has been destroyed, setting this book up for a sequel and more striking photographs. Conflicts Jacob vs. Self- he is at a constant battle for the first half of the book to figure out whether or not he is sane after everything that has happened. Self could also be considered society, as a set and acceptable social norm. Jacob vs. Therapist- he is actually the cause of all his problems. He is the one who sends the hollow on his grandfather, kidnaps Ms. Peregrine, and makes all the external conflicts arise. Theme Embracing who you are and accepting what makes you remarkable is more important than being viewed as normal. Through this novel we see the reoccurring theme that being true to you is far more important that being social accepted. Because when you accept yourself, others accept you for that. When Jacob fights himself he finds he is alone, but the more he succumbs to his true self, the peculiar children accept him and they help each other overcome the adversity surrounding them. Personal Views I enjoyed the book thoroughly and I would recommend it. It has a wonderful addition, not only is there amazing writing involved but there are also several pictures included in the pages. Every few chapters there are these old, peculiar photos that add to the story, some very chilling.

The Four Service Marketing Myths Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Four Service Marketing Myths - Essay Example The essay "The Four Service Marketing Myths" talks about the line between services marketing and goods marketing and depicts that both need various types of marketing strategies to be applied to them. Early marketing concepts are discussed and what views were for separating goods from services. Services marketing have their own divisions. Authors have made a line between services marketing and goods marketing and depict that both need various types of marketing strategies to be applied to them. The bottom line is that services should not be kept apart from goods, the definition of goods and services are being revamped. The myths of manufacturing based perspective from the marketing based perspective are being discussed in the case considering the four characteristics; intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity, and perishability. The focus is towards investing their normative implications from a negative perspective towards a positive one. A more unified knowledge of exchange can b e formed without separating goods from services and only focus on the central role in the exchange. The different definitions given by the various authors in defining the goods and services separately have been discussed in the case on the basis of their tangibility and intangibility features in most cases. The end result that these definitions can be misleading because both goods and services are nested into each other and they don’t come up to be valid when dealing with the manufacturing and the marketing perspective.

The Evolving Role of Government in Education Essay

The Evolving Role of Government in Education - Essay Example Further concerns of long-term socio-economic as well as political implications that such preparations portend have been a factor that has driven these debates. Therefore, there has been a consensus that the federal government ought to take matters of education holistically with a view to changing policies and streamlining education, which will be relevant in this century and age (Sunderman, 2010). Indeed, the president and the U.S Secretary in charge of education have made policy intervention calls to address education crises in High Schools with a biased concentration on the schools, which perform dismally, as well as in colleges and career configuration. In this line, there have been a number and pieces of legislations proposed or enacted by the national congress driven from research findings and recommendations on the best practices that would adequately inform federal policy (Cross, 2004). For instance, funds have been injected under the federal stimulus program, which has gone f urther in shedding light on the opportunities available to push and create education awareness campaigns for improvement. Further, there have been state-led movements charged with the mandate to evaluate and craft common standardized approaches to greatly way change the American Education (Sunderman, 2010). Such legislations include the reauthorized Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA). This act was proposed with the view to critically assess the high school crisis so that systems and structures are out in place to enable students graduating from high schools to be adequately ready to take on careers in colleges. In this case, the federal policy is seen to play an important role to ensure that in â€Å"reauthorizing the Elementary and Secondary Education Act in away that the policies would be congruent with the changes and common standards initiative† to take the leading role and facilitation of partnership with other players in the education sector (Sunderman, 2010) . The federal role and the Aid Evolution For a long time, about a century, the federal government has been playing a significant role in the enhancement of education in America. It has been the fulcrum about national needs and interests as far as education is concerned. This has been seen in a number of roles over the years in line with democracy and promotion of an educated America. One has been to significantly do away with poverty, promote equity in education access and to respond to the needs of the vulnerable groups in society. The second role has been promotion of security and enhancement of economic stability across the whole country to ensure it economically competes with other countries (Cross, 2004). One of the predominant areas where the federal role has been witnessed has been in its push for aid in education. Today’s advocacy for elementary and secondary education can be traced back to the year 1938 when a report of the advisory committee on education instigated by the then president, Franklin D. Roosevelt, laid significant facts bare. On the whole, the report indicated that there were serious disparities among the American states and went further to lay recommendations that the states that were lagging behind should be assisted to promote equity (Sunderman, 2010).

The Namesake Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Namesake - Essay Example Inside Bengali belief, Gogol ought to have been the character's nickname inside their home and Nikhil is his official name for his documents. However through a sequence of catastrophes, Gogol is what bonds and this neither Indian-nor-American label comes to put up with his battle with identity, customs together with everything amidst. Just like in the composition of Amy Tan "Mother Tongue", she talk about various matters including language as well as cultural barriers tackled by her and her family members during the time when she was growing up. This is also the same with the encounters of Gogol when he was growing up. Mother Tongue, similar with The Namesake also discusses labels and lack of value being conveyed by their ethnic background also the struggles produced by being Asian inside America. Both narrations talked about communication difficulties between the relatives and the society. And the obstacles faced because of this verbal communication crisis that their family holds with the rest of society. Both realized how much the environment as well as people can transform the way you apply and discover the English language for both the good as well as for the bad. Gogol's remoteness from his parents is not very much an effect aligned with being Indian as it is a comm

Patient Case Studies for Accurate Nursing Assessments

Patient Case Studies for Accurate Nursing Assessments Jon Teegardin Performing accurate nursing assessments on patients establishes a baseline of information regarding a patient’s complaint and history of present illness. The patients represented in this paper are not real, instead they are created to allow for examples of basic nursing assessments. This paper will assess two patients, one with chronic lower back pain and one with psychiatric and substance abuse complaints. Patient one The first patient is a 45 year old female who presents to the emergency room after arriving by private vehicle with a complaint of lower back pain with radiation down the right leg to the foot. My assessment of the patient begins when I go to the lobby and call the patients name. The patient ambulates with an even steady gait to the examination room. The patient does not require assistance ambulating. Once in the examination room, privacy is provided and an interview and full assessment are conducted. After introducing myself, the patient is identified using two identifiers, name and birthdate. The information provided by the patient is verified against the chart and an identifying wristband is applied. The chief complaint is then verified using an open ended question: Can you tell me why you are visiting the emergency room today? The patient’s response is â€Å"Back in 20012 I injured my back when my boyfriend was drunk and he slammed me against a wall. The doctor told me I had several ruptured discs in my back and it hurts so bad tonight I can’t stand it. The pain started about three days ago and has gotten progressively worse. I reassure the patient that she will be treated as soon as we can get the doctor in the room (Jarvis, 2012). The patient then asks for an emesis bag and states â€Å"I’m hurting so bad I think I’m going to throw up†. An emesis bag is provided. The patient retches several times and spits into the bag. No vomitus is noted . I continue with my interview by asking about the patients’ health history (Jarvis, 2012). I ask the patient about medication allergies. The patient states she is allergic to penicillin’s. Next I ask the patient about any medications she currently takes. The patient reports she takes the following medications: Xanax, 1 milligram 3 times per day, Gabapentin, 400 milligrams 3 times per day, Vicodin 10mg-325mg every 4 hours for pain, Lisinopril 20 milligrams, every day, Simvastatin 40 milligrams every day, Cyclobenzaprine, 20 milligrams every 6 hours, Ultram, 50 milligrams every 8 hours as needed for pain. When asked for a primary care physician, the patient states â€Å"I have recently switched doctors and I have an appointment on Wednesday with my new doctor. The patient presents an appointment card for a local physician. The patient is next asked about her medical history. The patient reports a history of hypertension, high cholesterol, anxiety, and ruptured discs in her lower back. The patient reports a surgical history of bilateral breast augmentation, bilateral tubal ligation, appendectomy, total hysterectomy, and tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy. When questioned about any surgical interventions for her back, the patient states â€Å"I don’t have insurance so I can’t afford to get any surgery on my back†. The patient reports a family history of hypertension, anxiety, and depression on her mother’s side. She also reports smoking 1 pack of cigarettes per day for 10 years but quit smoking 15 years ago. With my initial interview complete, the physical assessment begins (Jarvis, 2012). The patient is placed in a hospital gown for the examination. Vital signs are obtained. The blood pressure is 168/109 in the left arm, 166/106 in the right arm, heart rate is 79, oral temperature is 98.5, respirations are 16 per minute, oxygen saturation is 97% on room air, and the patient rates her pain on a numeric scale as a 10 out of 10 in her lower back. She describes the pain as a sharp, constant pain that is aggravated with movement, and helped with medication. She also relates radiation of the pain to her right leg as a burning sensation. The patient has shoulder length hair that is clean and well groomed. She denies any hearing problems, visual problems, congestion or cough. No drainage is noted from her ears, the eyes are clear with no redness or conjunctiva. Pupils are equal and reactive to light. Nares are clear bilaterally without swelling. The patient has good dentition with evidence of d ental intervention with fillings visible in three teeth. The lips, tongue, oral mucosa, and uvula are unremarkable. Facial symmetry is good with no drooping. The patient’s neck is supple with full range of motion and the trachea is midline. Respirations are clear and even bilaterally. The heart is auscultated and is strong and even at 78 beats per minute. Normal S1 and S2 are present. The patient denies any pain or mass in the breasts and reports that she self-examines monthly and her last mammogram was two years ago. Hand grips are strong and equal, radial pulses are strong and equal bilaterally. The abdomen is soft and non-tender to palpation. Bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants. A healed surgical scar is noted in the lower right quadrant. The patient denies any incontinence of bladder or bowel, and reports nausea and vomiting related to her back pain. The back is grossly unremarkable, and is tender to palpation in the area from L1 to L5. The patient denies any b urning or pain on urination, and denies flank pain. The patient reports a burning sensation down the right leg to the foot. Foot strength equal bilaterally, with strong bilateral pedal pulses. A scar is noted on the anterior right lower extremity distal to the patella. The patient reports that she accidently cut herself there as a child and required stitches to close the laceration. The patient’s mood and affect are appropriate for her age and the current situation. Her speech is clear. The patient is reassured that the physician will see her and the bed is verified to be in its lowest position with the wheels locked. The call light button is explained to the patient and placed within easy reach. The patient is reminded to request assistance prior to ambulating. Summary of findings My summary of finding is that the patient appears to be suffering from chronic back pain related to a traumatic injury in her past, and has uncontrolled hypertension related to noncompliance with her medication regimen. SOAP note S: Patient reports excruciating back pain radiating to the right leg, with nausea and vomiting prior to arrival. She also reports being out of her prescription medications which include a blood pressure medication. O: the patients’ blood pressure is elevated at 168/109, the lower back is tender to palpation. The patient ambulates without assistance but appears to be in mild distress. A: Nontoxic appearing white female that appears consistent with her stated age of 45 years old. EENT within normal limits. PERRLA at 3mm. Facial symmetry equal with no facial droop noted. The neck is supple and trachea is midline. Regular apical rate with S1 and S2. No S3 or S4 noted. Hand grips strong and equal bilaterally. Radial pulses strong and equal bilaterally. Respirations are even and unlabored. Lungs clear to auscultation bilaterally. The abdomen is soft and non-tender. Bowel sounds present in all four quadrants. Tender in the lower back region from L1 to L5 with radiation of pain to the right leg. No vomiting noted during assessment. Denies diarrhea. Denies urinary symptoms. Leg strength strong and equal bilaterally. Ambulates without difficulty or assistance. Pedal pulses present with no edema noted in lower extremities. P: Patient placed on non-invasive blood pressure monitoring and positioned for comfort. Expect MD orders for oral anti-hypertensive to reduce blood pressure and intramuscular injection of narcotic pain medication with antiemetic to control nausea and vomiting. Prepare patient for X-ray of lumbar spine region, and possible CT of the same area. A urine pregnancy test is contraindicated because of history of hysterectomy. Potential for admission to hospital for consult with orthopedist and surgical intervention. Patient two The second patient is a 62 year old female who has a chief complaint of alcohol dependence, benzodiazepine dependence, and depression. This patient is called from the lobby and ambulates to the exam room with an even, steady gait. Once in the examination room, privacy is provided and an interview and full assessment are conducted. I identify myself and the patient is identified using two identifiers and an identification band is placed on her wrist. I begin by obtaining a social history of the patient (Jarvis, 2012). She states she has never seen a psychiatrist and has been treated for depression by her primary healthcare provider. The patient is currently employed as a nurse practitioner/midwife with a county health department. She thoroughly enjoys her job and is fearful of losing her position due to chronic absenteeism related to her alcohol abuse. She reports consuming approximately one half gallon of liquor daily and has smoked one pack of cigarettes per day for twenty years. In her spare time she says that she enjoys sewing and gardening. The patient describes childhood as â€Å"normal†, had a â€Å"great relationship† with her father, but states â€Å"my mother loved my brother more than me, and nothing I did was good enough for her, even though I got straight a grades in school, and was active in church and band†. She further states â€Å"my mother used to beat me for waking up in the morning, becau se she said that I would eventually get into some kind of trouble†. †My brother is gay, but very successful working in Atlanta. I don’t see him enough, and I don’t hold what my mother did against him. I wish we saw more of each other. I got divorced over my drinking, so that was that, I could deal with all of it, up until my daughter died. Any other night I would have watched TV with her, but I was so tired that night. I went straight to bed and she decided to drive down to her brothers, 2 miles away. She made it about halfway, and was killed when she went off the road and hit a culvert, causing her car to roll several times. She died instantly†. Having obtained a social history, I begin obtaining medical history from the patient. The patient reports that she is allergic to codeine, Demerol, sulfa drugs, and Zithromax. She reports having a hysterectomy, cholecystectomy, and left foot ORIF. She is currently taking clonazepam, Lexapro, singular, and Xanax. She reports her mother and father had a history of alcohol abuse and are both deceased. My next assessment is a mental status examination. Having built a therapeutic relationship with the patient, I ask the patient if she has considered harming herself or had any command hallucinations (Jarvis, 2012). The patient denies any suicidal ideation or any hallucinations of any sort. The patient is well dressed, clean, pleasant, and cooperative. Her thought process is coherent with no ambivalence. The patients affect is calm and her appropriateness of mood to thought is normal. There is no depersonalization. The patient does not appear to be delusional, obsessive, or display ideas of reference. She is oriented to person, place, time, and situation. Vital signs are obtained and are all within normal limits. The patient denies any pain. Summary of finding My summary of finding is that this patient is suffering from depression, related to her divorce and the death of her daughter. Her needs include counseling, detox, and peer support. The patient’s education is an asset to her treatment. She has the support system of two sons. Stressors include her divorce due to her alcoholism and the sudden death of her daughter. Her coping methods include alcohol abuse, benzodiazepine abuse, and social isolation. SOAP note S: The patient reports feeling depressed and abusing alcohol and benzodiazepines. She denies suicidal ideation. O: The patient is well dressed, clean, pleasant, and cooperative. Her thought process is coherent with no ambivalence. The patients affect is calm and her appropriateness of mood to thought is normal. There is no depersonalization. The patient does not appear to be delusional, obsessive, or display ideas of reference. She is oriented to person, place, time, and situation. Vital signs are obtained and are all within normal limits. The patient denies any pain. A: The patient is suffering from depression related to her divorce and the death of her daughter. She could benefit from an inpatient rehab program. P: Prepare patient for lab draws to obtain baseline values, presence of drugs of abuse, and medical clearance. A call to the Georgia Crisis Access Line is anticipated for placement of the patient in an inpatient detoxification/rehabilitation program. Referral to grief counselor is also a possibility. References Jarvis, C. (2012). Physical Examination and Health Assessment [VitalSouce bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://digitalbookshelf.southuniversity.edu/books/978-1-4377-0151-7/outline/5